.现在分词作宾补,此时在该句型中的宾语即为现在分词逻辑上的 主语,有着主谓关系. i saw them playing on the playground. i heard mary singing in the classroom. ▲"宾语+过去分词" .宾语和宾补之间是被动关系,过去分词表示被动和完成. i had my bike stolen. the teacher explained again and again to make himself understood. ▲ 形式宾语+形容词 we found it impossible to get there before saturday. ▲宾语+what 从句 call me what you like. mr. li has made the factory what it is today. the mountain village is different from what it was ten years ago. 6.定语 . ▲ 定语用来修饰名词或代词.形容词,代词,数词,名词,介词短语,不定式或相当于 形容词的词或短语等都可以充当定语.因为它是修饰名词或代词的,而名词和代词可以作 主语,表语或宾语,所以定语的位置很灵活,凡是有名词,代词的地方都可以有定语.如: 形容词作定语 the black bike is mine. 代词作定语 what's your name? 名词作定语 名词作定语 they made some paper flowers. 介词短语作定语 the boys in the room are in class three, grade one. 不定式作短语 i have lots to eat and drink. 从句作定语 the tall boy who is standing there is peter. ▲ 在英语中,并不是所有的定语都放在被修饰词的前面,有的是放在被修饰词的后面, -5- 故称"后置定语" . ▲ 修饰不定代词 something, anything, nothing, something, anyone, somebody, anybody, nobody 的定语必须后置.如: we'll go to have something english. if you don't know the answer, ask someone else. do you have anything important to tell me? ▲介词短语作定语时要后置.如: do you know the boy behind the tree? the students in the room are all my friends. i think the picture on the left is better than the one on the right. ▲动词的不定式作定语时要后置 what about something to drink? i have no time to travel to china is in autumn or in spring. to 如果 注 动词不定式作主语时, 后面的动词必须是及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语. 时短语时,那么与动词搭配的介词或副词是不能少的. do you have any piece of music to listen to? ▲nearby, below, downstairs 等个别方位词作定语时要后置.如: we are at the top of the hill. can you see the village below? the people downstairs are listening to a talk now? they took the boy to the hospital nearby at once. 7.状语 . 状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词.它表示行为发生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度