alone. can you get everything ready for the party before friday? ▲"宾语+副词" .副词作宾补常表示宾语的状态,与宾语有逻辑上的主表关系.常见的 副词有:down, up, here, there, home, in, out, anywhere 等.如: let him in/ out. mr. li drove us home. when got there, we found him out. ▲"宾语+介词短语" .介词短语作宾补常表示其逻辑主语(即宾语)所处的状态,两者有 主表的关系.如: we found everything in good order. we regard him as our good friend. he opened the door and found some of his friends in the rain. ▲"宾语+不定式" .充当宾补的不定式有三种: a 要求带 to 的不定式 the cool water of the lake invited us to swim. b 要求不带 to 的不定式 let, make, see, hear, watch 等 the boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. i often hear him read english in his room. c 单词 help 后可加 to 或不加 to she sometimes helps her mother (to) do housework. -4- ▲"宾语+现在分词" .现在分词作宾补,此时在该句型中的宾语即为现在分词逻辑上的 主语,有着主谓关系. i saw them playing on the playground. i heard mary singing in the classroom. ▲"宾语+过去分词" .宾语和宾补之间是被动关系,过去分词表示被动和完成. i had my bike stolen. the teacher explained again and again to make himself understood. ▲ 形式宾语+形容词 we found it impossible to get there before saturday. ▲宾语+what 从句 call me what you like. mr. li has made the factory what it is today. the mountain village is different from what it was ten years ago. 6.定语 . ▲ 定语用来修饰名词或代词.形容词,代词,数词,名词,介词短语,不定式或相当于 形容词的词或短语等都可以充当定语.因为它是修饰名词或代词的,而名词和代词可以作 主语,表语或宾语,所以定语的位置很灵活,凡是有名词,代词的地方都可以有定语.如: 形容词作定语 the black bike is mine. 代词作定语 what's your name? 名词作定语 名词作定语 they made some paper flowers. 介词短语作定语 the boys in the room are in class three, grade one. 不定式作短语 i have lots to eat and drink. 从句作定语 the tall boy who is standing there is peter. ▲ 在英语中,并不是所有的定语都放在被修饰词的前面,有的是放在被修饰词的后面, -5- 故称"后置定语" . ▲ 修饰不定代词 something, anything, nothing, something, anyone, somebody, anybody, nobody 的定语必须后置.如: we'll go to have something english.