the purpose of learning grammar is to help learners to have a better understanding of the language. it is no use remembering grammar rules by rote because there are no rules without exceptions. it is sensible to use english grammar as a tool to help you to understand and master english. you learn grammar only through language phenomena (现象)because it comes from it. so you learn those rules and do some exercises to practise them.

　　5. how do you improve your listening?

　　you can improve your listening only through listening a great deal and there is no shortcut. first， you should have the right pronunciation of the words in your mind so learn to pronounce them correctly. then， you try to catch the meaning of the sentence but not the separate meanings of the words， that is， do not concentrate on words too much but on the meaning as a whole. third， pay attention to the liaison， (连读) loss of explosion and assimilation(同化) of the words. lastly， pay attention to the stressed words and guess the meaning through the intonation.

　　6. how do you start to learn english?

　　first， you must have your purpose of learning english in your mind. do you want to improve your oral english or written english or for the purpose of tests? second， what level are you at? are your english intermediate? lower or upper? third， choose the way to learn english according to your time and finance. do you want to learn english by self-study， english class， english courses on the radio， english learning software or even online courses on the internet? finally， you must study hard and insist on learning continuously for a year or two.

　　7. how do you improve your translation?