Harvard history
　　Harvard University is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. It has grown from nine students with a single master to more than 18,000 undergraduates1 and students in 10 graduate2 and professional3 schools. Another 13,000 students study in Harvard Extension School4. Over 14,000 people work at Harvard, including more than       2,000 faculty5. There are also 7,000 faculty appointments6 in affiliated7 teaching hospitals.
　　Seven presidents of the United States — John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Theodore and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Rutherford B. Hayes, John Fitzgerald Kennedy and George W. Bush—were graduates of Harvard. Its faculty have produced nearly 40 Nobel laureates8.
　　Harvard College was established9 in 1636 and was named for its first benefactor10, John Harvard of Charlestown, a young minister11 who, upon his death12 in 1638, left his library and half his estate13 to the new institution.

Students at Harvard University
　　Visitors often ask: Who is the typical14 Harvard student? The answer is that there is no such person. Each student is a unique15 individual16, and the student body is incredibly17 diverse18.
　　Harvard men and women come from every region19 of the United States and more than 100 other countries. They include undergraduate and graduate, continuing education, and Summer School students. They range20 from pre-teens21 to octogenarians22; in 1997, Mary Fasano became the oldest person ever to earn a Harvard degree when she graduated from the Extension School at the age of 89.
　　Harvard College students have a remarkable range of backgrounds and academic23 and extracurricular24 interests. Two-thirds come from public schools, and about two-thirds receive some form of financial aid25. Despite26 their diversity, Harvard students as a group do seem to share a few characteristics.
1. Academic excellence.
　　In 1999, Harvard led the nation in Marshall Scholars, with six seniors being chosen, along with a recent graduate. And for seven out of the last nine years, Harvard led the nation in Rhodes Scholars (tying with27 the University of Chicago in 1998).
　　The application28 process for the Harvard College Class of 2004 marked the ninth time in the past decade that applications for admission had risen. By all the standard measures of academic talent, including test scores and academic performance29 in school, the group is impressive30. For example, more than 56 percent of the candidates31 averaged 1,400 or higher on their SATs(Scholastic Aptitude Test), almost 2,000 scored a perfect 800 on their SAT II English, over 2,500 scored 800 on their SAT II math, and almost 3,000 were valedictorians32 of their high schools.
2. Harvard students display their talents in a wide array33 of extracurricular activities—including music, dance, theater, sports, journalism34, and public service35.
3. Harvard students show a real knack36 for taking what they've learned—in school and in life — and applying it to solve problems.

Landmarks37 at Harvard
        Harvard University is home to many superior38 examples of American architecture39.
　　Historic landmarks fill the Old Yard. The oldest standing Harvard building—Massachusetts Hall—was built in 1720, and, during the Revolutionary War, sheltered40 soldiers of the Continental Army. Today the President of the University, vice41 presidents, and other officers are housed on the first two floors; the upper floors serve as living space for freshmen.
　　The John Harvard Statue42, located in front of University Hall, was cast in 1884 and is known as “The Statue of Three Lies.” Although the inscription43 reads “John Harvard, Founder, 1638,” none of these three statements is true. The seated figure is not really John Harvard, since no authentic44 pictures of Mr. Harvard existed; John Harvard was not the founder of Harvard College; and the College was founded in 1636. The statue is an immensely45 popular draw for tourists, and thousands of visitors a year rub John Harvard's shoe for luck.
　　 Wadsworth House (1726), an antique46 wooden structure, served as temporary47 headquarters48 for Gen. George Washington in 1775. Today it is home to the University Marshal's Office, the Office of the Director of the University Library, and the Alumni Office.
　　In the New Yard (also known as Tercentenary49 Theatre) is Widener Memorial Library (1913-15), constructed with funds50 given by Eleanor Elkins Widener in memory of her son, Harry Elkins Widener, who died aboard the Titanic.
　　Sever Hall (1880) is an example of the Romanesque51 style of the late 19th century. Today the building contains classrooms used by the College and the Extension School.
　　Outside the Yard, the cathedral-like52 Memorial Hall (1878) commemorates53 Harvard men who died in the Civil War while fighting for the Union. The building contains Sanders Theatre, a popular site for concerts, lectures, and performances. On the lower level, students gather for food, entertainment54, and conversation in the spacious55 but cozy56 Commons.
　　The lively, contemporary57 Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts (1963), the only building on the North American continent designed by the French architect Le Corbusier, contains studio58 and gallery59 space.
　　Harvard College has built less in the past 15 years than at any period since the mid-19th century, and the buildings are in better condition than they have been for decades. The renovation60 work has received numerous61 awards.

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哈佛历史
       哈佛大学是美国最古老的高等学府。它从最早的区区9个学生和一名老师发展成为今天拥有本科生、10个研究生院以及专业学院学生多达18，000多人的学校。另有13，000名学生在哈佛继续教育学院学习。哈佛有员工14，000多名，其中包括2000多名大学教员，还有附属教学医院的7000个教职。
　　美国有7位总统——约翰·亚当斯、约翰·昆西·亚当斯、西奥多·罗斯福、富兰克林·罗斯福、罗斯福德·海斯、约翰·费茨杰拉德·肯尼迪和乔治·布什先后毕业于哈佛大学。哈佛教员中产生过近40位诺贝尔桂冠得主。
　　哈佛大学建于1636年，它以第一个捐赠人、查尔斯顿的约翰·哈佛而命名——这位年轻的牧师在1638年去世后将他的全部藏书和一半不动产留给了这座新学府。

哈佛学生
　　来访者常问：“谁是典型的哈佛学生？”答无此人。每个学生都有独特的个性，而学生团体之多令人难以置信。
　　哈佛男女学子来自全美各地和世界100多个国家。他们包括本科生、研究生、接受再教育学生和暑期补习班学生。年龄从十几岁到八十几岁不等；1997年，玛丽·法萨娜以89岁高龄从哈佛继续教育学院毕业，成为有史以来获得哈佛文凭的人中年龄最长者。
　　哈佛学子具有十分广泛的背景、学术兴趣和课外兴趣。有三分之二的学生来自公立中学，也有三分之二的人获得某种形式的经济资助。尽管个性迥异，但哈佛学子确有几个共同特征：
1. 学业优秀。
　　1999年，哈佛在全美马歇尔学术奖中一举夺魁，有6名四年级学生、还有一名新入学的研究生中奖。过去的9年里有7年哈佛获罗德奖数排名全国第一（1998年与芝加哥大学打成平手）。
　　哈佛大学2004年申请入学的过程标志其人气在过去的10年里第九度飙升。若论学术天分，以各种尺度来衡量，包括考试分数和在校学习表现，学生们无不给人留下深刻印象。比如，56%的申请人在SAT（学术能力测试）中获得1，400分以上，近2000人在SAT英语II级测试中获得满分800分，2，500多人在SAT数学II级测试中获得800分，有近3，000人为中学毕业致辞者。
2.  哈佛学子在广泛的课外活动中展示出天分——包括音乐、舞蹈、戏剧、体育、新闻、和行政。
3.  哈佛学生真正掌握有学以致用的秘诀——无论在学校里还是生活中——并运用所学来解决问题。

哈佛的标志性建筑
　　哈佛大学是许多一流美式建筑的典范之家。
　　颇具历史感的标志性建筑布满古老的哈佛校区。年代悠久的哈佛建筑——马萨诸塞大会堂——建于1720年，在美国革命期间，庇护过众多的大陆军战士。现任哈佛校长、副校长和其他官员就在大楼一、二层办公，上面的楼层用于新生住宿。
　　约翰·哈佛塑像位于大会堂前，塑像于1884年铸成，乃众所周知的“三大谎言雕塑”。尽管上面题有“约翰·哈佛，创始人，1638”的字样，但毫不足信。塑像并非真正的约翰·哈佛，因为哈佛先生没有真照流传于世；约翰·哈佛也不是哈佛大学的创始人；还有，哈佛大学建于1636年而非1638年。然而塑像仍然是吸引观光客的一大景观，每年有成千上万的观光客抚摸约翰·哈佛的鞋子祈求好运。
　　华兹华斯之家（建于1726年），是一幢古老的木式建筑，1775年曾用作乔治·华盛顿将军的临时指挥部。如今，它是哈佛大学执法官、大学图书馆馆长和校友会办公所在地。
　　威德纳图书馆（建于1913-15年间）位于新校区（也称为300周年纪念堂），为艾里娜·艾尔金斯出资为纪念儿子哈里·艾尔金斯·威德纳而兴建，他在泰坦尼克号上不幸丧生。
　　塞威会堂（建于1880年）是19世纪晚期罗马风格建筑的典范。如今，这座建筑用作哈佛大学及其继续教育学院的教室。
　　校区外，教堂模样的纪念会堂（建于1878年）用来纪念美国内战期间与邦联部队作战献身的哈佛志士。该建筑内有桑德斯剧院，是举办各种音乐会、讲座和表演最受欢迎的场所。底层，学生们常在宽敞惬意的公共食堂里聚餐、娱乐、交谈。
　　活泼的当代建筑卡朋特视觉艺术中心（建于1963年）是法国建筑师勒·葛布歇尔在北美大陆设计的惟一一幢建筑，设有艺术工作室和美术陈列室。
　　过去15年里，哈佛大学大兴土木的情况少于19世纪中叶以来的任何一个阶段。建筑物保护状况为几十年来之最佳。整修工程获得了许多奖项。

1． undergraduate   n． 本科生
2． graduate  n． 研究生
3． professional   adj． 专业的
4． Extension School  继续教育学院
5． faculty  n． （大学或学院的）全体教师
6． appointment  n． 职位
7． affiliate   v． （使）隶属于
8． laureate   n． 获得荣誉者
9． establish  v． 建立
10． benefactor   n． 捐赠人，恩人
11． minister    n． 牧师
12． upon one＇s death  在某人去世时
13． estate   n． 财产
14． typical   adj． 典型的
15． unique   adj． 惟一的，独一无二的
16． individual  adj． 个别的，独特的
17． incredibly   adv． 难以置信
18． diverse   adj． 不一样的，相异的
19． region   n． 地区
20． range   n． 范围
21． pre－teens   n． 十多岁
22． octogenarians   n． 八十几岁的人
23． academic   adj． 学术的
24． extracurricular  adj． 课外的
25． aid [eid]  n． 帮助，援助
26． despite   prep． 不管，尽管
27． tie with  与……成平局
28． application   n． 申请
29． performance   n． 行为
30． impressive    adj． 给人印象深刻的
31． candidate   n． 候选人，申请人
32． valedictorian   n．  (代表毕业生)致告别词的学生(通常为毕业班成绩最优秀的学生)

33． array   n． 队列
34． journalism    n． 新闻
35． public service  公务系统，即行政
36． knack   n． 窍门
37． landmark   n． 标志性建筑
38． superior   adj． 较高的，优越的
39． architecture   n． 建筑
40． shelter   v． 掩蔽
41． vice [vais]  adj． 副的
42． statue   n． 塑像
43． inscription  n． 题词
44． authentic  adj． 真正的
45． immensely   adv． 极大地，无限地
46． antique  adj． 古代的
47． temporary  adj． 暂时的，临时的
48． headquarter  n． 指挥部
49． tercentenary  adj． 三百周年纪念的
50． fund   n． 资金
51． Romanesque   n． 罗马式
52． cathedral－like  教堂模样的       
cathedral   n． 大教堂
53． commemorate  v． 纪念
54． entertainment  n． 娱乐
55． spacious   adj． 广阔的，广大的
56． cozy   adj． 舒适的
57． contemporary   adj． 当代的
58． studio   n． 工作室
59． gallery  n． 美术品陈列室
60． renovation   n． 装修（房屋）
61． numerous  adj． 为数众多的，许多的