动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解_英语教学论文,动词不定式、动名

2014-5-9 16:47:18 [考研英语作文]
Sorry I have lots of work to do.So I can`t help to make up the room for you.
⑥go on to do 做不同的事或不同内容的事
doing 继续不停地做某事,指同一动作的继续
He went on to talk about world situation.他接着又谈了世界形势。
We`ll go on fighting so long as there is oppression inthe world.
⑦leave off to do 离开某地去干什么(目的状语)
doing停下某事
It`s time to leave off talking and to start acting.
They left off to go fishing.
三、做表语
不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.
②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.
③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.
当主语和表语都是不定式时,其含义一是条件,一是结果(例①)。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组(例②)时,或以what引导的名词性分句(例③),不定 式说明主语的内容。
④Our work is serving the people.
⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.
⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.
④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Serving thepeople is out work,而⑥句中是现在分词作 表语,说明主语的性质、状态,现在分词具有形容词的各种特征,另外,动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开 来。
四、作定语
⒈不定式作定语
不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如:
①The next train to arrive is from Washington.
②Have you anything to be taken to your sister?
③Do you have anything to say on the question?
④Would you please give me some paper to write on?
⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last.
不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系:
(1)表示将来的动作(例①)。
(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词(例④)。
(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍 用主动语态(例③);如只有动宾关系,而无逻辑上的主谓关系,则需用被动语态(例②)。
(4)不定式作定语时,一般可转换为定语从句,例①to arrive=that will arrive。
⒉动名词作定语
①This passage can be used as listening materials.