The Golden Globes
In the early part of 1944, many movie stars happily went to 20th Century Fox Studios to see what a small group of foreign journalists1 had found to be especially interesting and worthwhile during the last year.
The journalists, all members of the Hollywood Foreign Press, decided that this would be a yearly event for the purpose of delivering an impartial2 view on motion pictures3 and their impact. In order not to be swayed4 and influenced by the powers in Hollywood, it was important to them that they give their awards before the Oscars.
In the next year, they designed their annual award—a golden image of the globe encircled with a strip5 of motion picture film and mounted6 on a small pedestal7. The Golden Globe was born, and Ingrid Bergman received one of the first of these.
The basic awards for motion picture are leading and supporting actors and actresses. A director's award was introduced the second year, an award that became permanent8. Best Score9 and Best Screenplay awards were introduced in 1947 and remained. In 1950, there was a Best Foreign Film introduced for the first time. This category10 was later changed to Best Foreign Language Film. A great change began in 1951 when the leading acting categories were separated into Drama and Musical/Comedy. Another addition came in 1953 when the Cecil B. deMille Award11 was created.
From 1955 and on, the Golden Globes have honored achievement in television as well as film. The award show has had different homes. Wherever the Golden Globes dinner was held, the stars had a good time at what came to be known as “the best party in town”.
This is one award show that has kept a happy and informal tone12. Perhaps it is simply that the Golden Globes Awards from the very first were born out of a wish to create bridges between countries and cultures all around the globe and have, during the years, kept alive a feeling of celebration rather than competition...
Palme d'Or
After the Oscars, the Cannes prize, the Palme d'Or, is one of the most prestigious13 awards in film. In 1939, the French Government decided to create the “Festival International du Film”, and chose Cannes because of its “sunny and enchanting14 location”. The first festival was postponed15 due to the war.
Despite the hardships of the time, the Cannes Film Festival, the first important postwar cultural event, started on September 20, 1946. It was more a film forum than a competition as almost all the films presented were to receive a prize. In its early years it took place in September, but, as of 1951, has been held in May for two weeks.
The films were originally chosen by their countries of production, but, in 1972, the rules were changed. The festival would, from then on, select the films among the recent productions in each country, a decision that marked a turning point16 and was quickly taken up by the other festivals.
At the end of the competition and during the closing ceremony17 of the festival, the official Juries award Palme d'or, Grand Prix, Best Performance by an Actress presented to the best actress, Best Performance by an Actor presented to the best actor, Best director and Best Screenplay.
金球奖
1944年初，许多影星兴高采烈地朝20世纪福克斯工作室走去，他们是去观看一小群外国记者认为在前一年特别有趣、有意义的影片的。
这些记者都是好莱坞外籍记者协会的成员，他们决定每年举行一次这样的活动来表达对部分故事片的客观评价，并宣传它们的影响。为了不受好莱坞权势的摆布和影响，在奥斯卡颁奖典礼之前将此奖项颁出是非常重要的。
第二年，他们设计出了这个年度颁发的奖品——一个裱在小底座上的金色地球，四周环绕着故事片。金球奖从此诞生了。英格丽·褒曼是第一批获此殊荣的人。
故事片的基本奖项为最佳男女主配角奖，第二年增设了最佳导演奖，并成为一个永久奖项。最佳乐曲及最佳编剧奖于1947年开始设立并保留下来。1950年首次出现了最佳外国片奖，这个奖后来变成了最佳外语片奖。1951年有了重大变化，最佳主角奖分剧情片及音乐/喜剧片两类。1953年增加的一个奖项是终身成就奖。
从1995年起，金球奖开始像奖励电影成就那样奖励电视的成就。颁奖典礼的地点是不固定的。不管金球奖餐会在哪里举行，明星们都会在被誉为“全城最豪华的酒会”上度过愉快的时光。
这个颁奖典礼的气氛始终是欢乐而非正式的。其中原因也许只是因为：金球奖设立的初衷就是为世界各国及其文化架起一座桥梁。这些年来，它给人的感觉不大像是一场竞争，而更像是一个庆祝活动。
金棕榈奖
嘎纳电影节的金棕榈奖是电影界中继奥斯卡金像奖之后最有声望的奖项之一。1939年，法国政府决定创办“国际电影节”，嘎纳以其“灿烂的阳光和迷人的地理位置”而被选为举办城市。第一届电影节因战争而推迟了。
尽管当时困难重重，嘎纳电影节还是作为战后第一个重要的文化活动在1946年9月20日举行了。这次活动不像是在竞争，而更像是一个电影论坛，因为几乎所有参选的电影都会得到一个奖项。早些年里，电影节的举办日期是9月份，但从1951年开始改到每年5月举行，为期两周。
电影最初是根据制片国来评选的，而1972年，评选标准有了变化。从那时起，电影节从各国最近作品中选出影片。这是个具有转折意义的决策，并很快被其它电影节所采纳。
赛事结束和电影节闭幕时，评委会颁发最佳影片金棕榈奖、评委会特别大奖、最佳男女演员奖、最佳导演奖和最佳编剧奖。
1. journalist n. 新闻记者
2. impartial adj. 公正的
3. motion picture 故事片
4. sway v. 动摇，摇摆
5. strip n. 条，带
6. mount v. 裱上，装上
7. pedestal n. 底座
8. permanent adj. 永久的
9. score n. 乐谱
10. category n. 种，类
11. 终身成就奖(Cecil B. deMille Award)是奖励那些对电影艺术事业有突出贡献的人。著名导演Cecil B. deMille（塞西尔·B·戴米尔），是金球奖第一位获此荣誉的人，该奖项即以他命名。
12. tone n. 气氛
13. prestigious adj. 声望很高的
14. enchanting adj. 迷人的
15. postpone v. 推迟
16. turning point 转折点
17. ceremony n. 典礼，仪式