2012年小学六年级英语总复习资料
一:学生易错词汇
1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.
2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.
3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.
5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.
6. 疑问词的选择:what 《什么》 who 《谁》 where 《哪里》 whose 《谁的》 why《为什么》when《什么时候》which《哪一个》how old 《多大》 how many 《多少》how much《多少钱》
二:形容词比较级详解
当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是:
什么 + 动词be 《am , is , are 》 + 形容词比较级 + than《比》+ 什么 ,如:
I'm taller and heavier than you. 《我比你更高和更重。》
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. 《一只大象比一只老虎更大。》
形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine - finer ,
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier
④ 双写最后的字母再加er,如big - bigger, thin - thinner ,hot - hotter
☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。
典型错误:My hair is longer than you.《我的头发比你更长。》
比较的两者是我的头发,你《整个人》,那么比较的对象就没有可比性。
应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
比较级专项练习: 一,从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big
《1》 How is the Yellow River
《2》 How is Mr Green He's 175cm.
《3》 How are your feet I wear size 18.
《4》How is the fish It's 2kg.
三:动词过去式详解
动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A,规则动词
① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed《此类动词较少》如 study - studied carry - carried worry - worried 《注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类》
④ 双写最后一个字母《此类动词较少》如 stopped
B,不规则动词《此类词并无规则,须熟记》小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing - sang , eat - ate , see - saw , have - had , do - did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was ,
are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt
四:动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则:
① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing
③ 双写最后一个字母的《此类动词极少》有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
五:人称代词与物主代词
一、人称代词
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
二、物主代词
数
人称
类别 单数 复数
第一
人称 第二
人称 第三
人称 第一
人称 第二人称 第三
人称
形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
汉语 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他(她、它)们的
六:句型专项归类
1.肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I'm a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I'm not a student. She is not 《isn't》 a doctor.
He does not 《doesn't》 work in a hospital. There are not 《aren't》 four fans in our classroom.
He will not 《won't》 eat lunch at 12:00. I did not 《didn't》 watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 "not".有动词be的句子则"not"加在be后面,可缩写成"isn't,aren't",但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词《do,does,did》,然后在它后面加上"not",你也可以把它们缩写在一起如"don't , doesn't , didn't 》.这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .
3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用"yes",或"no"来回答。
如:Are you a student Yes, I am / No, I'm not.
Is she a doctor Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.
Does he work in a hospital Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
Are there four fans in our classroom Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight Yes, I am. / No, I am not. 《Yes, we are. / No, we aren't.》
Will he eat lunch at 12:00 Yes, I will. / No, I will not《won't》.
Are they swimming Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
☆注意☆ 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词《do,does,did》再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词《助动词》和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。